Purpose: Surgical complications after total laryngopharyngectomy (TLP) are common, reconstruction is challenging, and patients often lose their ability to swallow and speak. To evaluate these aspects, we analysed outcome after TLP.
Methods: We reviewed all patients who underwent TLP and subsequent circumferential pharyngeal reconstruction through 2004-2017 at the Helsinki University Hospital.
Results: For the 26 eligible patients, TLP was the primary treatment for 11 and salvage surgery for 15, followed by reconstruction with free flaps in 22 patients and pedicled flaps in 4. An early (≤ 30 days) pharyngocutaneous fistula developed in seven patients (27%; median time 13 days; range 6-26), and a late (> 30 days) fistula in five patients (19%; median time 370 days; range 46-785). In addition, ten patients (39%) developed an oesophageal stricture. Four patients (15%) resumed full oral feeding. A speech prosthesis was inserted for 15 patients (58%) and most of them could produce intelligible speech. We found acceptable survival figures for patients undergoing TLP both as a primary treatment and as salvage procedure: the overall survival at 1 year was 82% and 67%, and at 5 years 33% and 27%, respectively. Disease-specific survival at 1 year was 90% and 70%, and that at 5 years was 45% and 43%, respectively.
Conclusions: Despite fair survival, TLP carries a high risk for postoperative complications with limited functional outcome, thus necessitating cautious patient selection and surgical experience.
Keywords: Fistula; Free flaps; Hypopharynx cancer; Larynx cancer; Stricture; Survival.