Objective: To understand the control attempts of body weight and its related factors among overweight and obese adults in China. Methods: Data was from the 2013 Chinese Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance Program, which covered 302 surveillance sites. 179 570 adults, selected through multistage stratified cluster sampling method, were interviewed. Demographic characteristics and weight-control attempts were collected via face-to-face interview. BMI, waist circumstance and blood pressure were individually measured under physical examination. Venous blood samples were obtained and tested for FPG, OGTT-2h, TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C. A total of 87 545 overweight and obese patients were included in this study, with the exclusion of 152 patients having the missed critical information. Rates on weight control and attempts were analyzed, using the complex weighting on samples to represent the overall overweight and obese adults in China. Results: The rate of weight-control attempts was 16.3% (95%CI: 14.9%-17.7%). Among all the 12 133 patients who had undergone weight-control measures, the proportions of different attempts were as follows: diet (40.9%, 95%CI: 38.4%-43.3%), combination of diet and physical activity (31.5%, 95%CI: 28.9%-34.0%), physical activity (22.8%, 95%CI: 21.0%-24.6%) and drug control (1.3%, 95%CI: 1.0%-1.7%). Factors as: being female (OR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.15-1.38), at younger age (18-44 years old, OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.31-1.74), with high education levels (college degree or above, OR=4.52, 95%CI: 3.76-5.43), having high annual income (≥24 000 Yuan, OR=1.94, 95%CI: 1.63-2.30) etc., appeared as favorable factors for taking the measures vs. rural residency (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.55- 0.72) as the unfavorable one. Conclusion: The rate of weight-control attempts appeared low among the overweight and obese adults who were affected by factors as age, education and income level. Personalized intervention measures should be carried out for people with different characteristics.
目的： 了解2013年我国≥18岁超重肥胖患者采取体重控制措施情况，分析其影响因素。 方法： 2013年在中国慢性病及其危险因素监测的302个监测点，采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法调查≥18岁成年人179 570人。问卷调查获取人口学特征、采取体重控制措施情况等信息；通过体格检查获取个体的BMI、腰围和血压；采集调查对象静脉血，检测FPG、餐后2 h血糖、TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C。剔除关键信息缺失者152人，最终对87 545名调查对象资料进行分析。经复杂加权后分析不同特征超重肥胖患者采取体重控制措施情况及其影响因素。 结果： 我国≥18岁超重肥胖患者采取体重控制措施率为16.3%（95%CI：14.9%~17.7%）。在所有采取体重控制措施的12 133名患者中，采取体重控制措施的构成比例由高到低依次为：饮食（40.9%，95%CI：38.4%~43.3%）、饮食运动组合（31.5%，95%CI：28.9%~34.0%）、运动（22.8%，95%CI：21.0%~24.6%）和药物（1.3%，95%CI：1.0%~1.7%）。有利于采取体重控制措施的因素有女性（OR=1.26，95%CI：1.15~1.38）、低年龄（18~44岁，OR=1.51，95%CI：1.31~1.74）、高文化程度（大专及以上，OR=4.52，95%CI：3.76~5.43）、高年收入（2.4~万元，OR=1.94，95%CI：1.63~2.30）等；不利因素有农村（OR=0.63，95%CI：0.55~0.72）等。 结论： 我国超重肥胖患者采取体重控制措施率较低，且受性别、年龄、文化程度、收入水平等因素影响，应针对不同特征群体，开展针对性干预措施。.
Keywords: Adult; Body weight control; Obesity; Overweight.