Cytodiagnostic Sensitivity of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy for Hodgkin's Lymphoma Is Decreased in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Acta Cytol. 2019;63(5):352-360. doi: 10.1159/000501098. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of fine needle aspiration (FNA) for the diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in HIV-infected patients.

Study design: An electronic search was conducted to retrospectively identify patients diagnosed with HL who underwent FNA followed by confirmatory biopsy. FNAs were categorized as negative, atypical/suspicious/positive, or nondiagnostic. Diagnostic sensitivity in HIV+ and HIV- patients was statistically compared via Fisher's exact test, with a p value <0.05 considered significant.

Results: Thirty-six patients meeting inclusion criteria were identified (24 HIV- and 12 HIV+). Average age was 36.0 ± 11.5 and 36.5 ± 7.4 years (means ± SD) in HIV- and HIV+ patients, respectively. The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1 in HIV- patients versus 3:1 in HIV+ patients. Among these 36 patients, a total of 42 FNAs were performed. Overall sensitivity of FNA was 66.7% (95% confidence interval: 52.4-80.9%). When stratified by HIV status, a statistically significant difference in FNA sensitivity was detected, as sen-sitivity was 84.6% (70.8-98.4%) in HIV- patients versus only 37.5% (13.8-61.2%) in HIV+ patients (p =0.003).

Conclusion: The diagnostic sensitivity of FNA biopsy was significantly attenuated in the HIV+ cohort. In HIV-infected patients presenting with lymphadenopathy, increased clinical suspicion of HL is critical to avoid misdiagnosis.

Keywords: Fine needle aspiration; Granuloma; HIV; Hodgkin’s lymphoma; Sensitivity.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
  • Biopsy, Fine-Needle*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / diagnosis
  • HIV Infections / immunology
  • HIV Infections / virology*
  • Hodgkin Disease / immunology
  • Hodgkin Disease / pathology*
  • Hodgkin Disease / virology
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Ki-1 Antigen / analysis
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens / analysis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Ki-1 Antigen
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens
  • PTPRC protein, human