In-situ growth of NiWO4 saw-blade-like nanostructures and their application in photo-electrochemical (PEC) immunosensor system designed for the detection of neuron-specific enolase

Razium Ali Soomro; Nazar Hussain Kalwar; Ahmet Avci; Erol Pehlivan; Keith Richard Hallam; Magnus Willander

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2019.111331

In-situ growth of NiWO₄ saw-blade-like nanostructures and their application in photo-electrochemical (PEC) immunosensor system designed for the detection of neuron-specific enolase

Biosens Bioelectron. 2019 Sep 15:141:111331. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111331. Epub 2019 Jun 8.

Authors

Razium Ali Soomro¹, Nazar Hussain Kalwar², Ahmet Avci³, Erol Pehlivan⁴, Keith Richard Hallam⁵, Magnus Willander⁶

Affiliations

¹ National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Interface Analysis Centre, School of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK. Electronic address: raziumsoomro@gmail.com.
² Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, 66020, Pakistan.
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Selcuk, Campus, 42079, Konya, Turkey.
⁴ Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Selcuk, Campus, 42079, Konya, Turkey.
⁵ Interface Analysis Centre, School of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
⁶ Department of Science and Technology, Campus Norrkoping, Linkoping University, SE-60174, Norrkoping, Sweden.

PMID: 31233985
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111331

Abstract

This study describes the construction of highly-sensitive photo-electrochemical (PEC) immunosensor for the detection of neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The biosensing platform is comprised of photo-active NiWO₄ nanostructures, in-situ-grown over a conductive substrate (indium tin oxide) using a low-temperature template-based co-precipitation approach. The discussed approach enables the formation of discrete, yet morphologically-analogous, nanostructures with complete coverage (pinhole-free) of the electrode surface. The in-situ-grown nanostructure possess dense population with sharp saw-blade like morphological features that can support substantial immobilisation of anti-NSE agent. The constructed platform demonstrated excellent photo-catalytic activity towards uric acid (UA) which served as the base for the Electrochemical -mechanism (EC) based PEC inhibition sensing. The detection of NSE, relied on its obstruction in analytical signal observed for the photo-oxidation of UA after binding to the electrode surface via protein-antibody interaction. The constructed PEC immunosensor exhibits signal sensitivity up to 0.12 ng mL^-1 of NSE with excellent signal reproducibility and electrode replicability. Moreover, the constructed platform was successfully used for NSE determination in human serum samples.

Keywords: Biosensor; Indium tin oxide electrode; Neuron-specific enolase; NiWO(4) nanostructures.

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques / methods*
Electrochemical Techniques / methods
Electrodes
Humans
Immunoassay / methods
Light
Nanostructures / chemistry*
Nanostructures / ultrastructure
Nanotechnology / methods
Nickel / chemistry*
Oxides / chemistry*
Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / analysis
Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / blood*
Tin Compounds / chemistry
Tungsten / chemistry*

Substances

Oxides
Tin Compounds
indium tin oxide
Nickel
tungsten oxide
Phosphopyruvate Hydratase
Tungsten