Muscle derangement and alteration of the nutritional machinery in NSCLC

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2019 Sep:141:43-53. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.06.007. Epub 2019 Jun 15.

Abstract

Weight loss and depletion of nutritional status are frequent presentation hallmarks in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Decline in muscle mass is a major component in weight loss and may have both a prognostic and predictive value for survival and treatment-related toxicities. Recent findings suggest that weight and skeletal muscle mass gain during treatment may represent surrogate markers for outcome in advanced NSCLC patients. Herein we present an in-depth view of the impact of nutritional status derangements on NSCLC patients' outcome, focusing on lean body mass variations during disease course. We explored the impact of malnutrition with a major attention on novel treatment options. We reviewed molecular, metabolic and immunological mechanisms underlying muscle-wasting condition, which may exhibit a meaningful targeting potential. Incorporating a specialized and accurate body composition assessment into a comprehensive, patient-centered and tailored intervention will facilitate the achievement of nutritional goals and optimal care for lung cancer patients.

Keywords: Body composition; Muscle wasting; Non-small cell lung cancer; Nutritional status; Weight loss.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Body Composition / physiology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / complications
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / diagnosis*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / therapy
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / complications
  • Lung Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / therapy
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
  • Muscle, Skeletal / pathology*
  • Muscular Atrophy / diagnosis
  • Muscular Atrophy / etiology
  • Muscular Atrophy / pathology
  • Nutritional Status / physiology*
  • Prognosis
  • Weight Loss / physiology*

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor