Studies on structural properties and immune-enhancing activities of glycomannans from Schizophyllum commune

Khamphone Yelithao; Utoomporn Surayot; Changsheng Lee; Subramanian Palanisamy; Narayanasamy Marimuthu Prabhu; JuHun Lee; SangGuan You

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.057

Studies on structural properties and immune-enhancing activities of glycomannans from Schizophyllum commune

Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Aug 15:218:37-45. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.057. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Authors

Khamphone Yelithao¹, Utoomporn Surayot², Changsheng Lee³, Subramanian Palanisamy³, Narayanasamy Marimuthu Prabhu⁴, JuHun Lee⁵, SangGuan You⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon, 210-702, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Souphanouvong University, 13(th) North rout road, Ban Donemai, Luangprabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
² College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiangmai University, Samut Sakhon, 74000, Thailand.
³ Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon, 210-702, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Disease control and Prevention Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
⁵ Division of Food Science and Culinary Art, Shinhan University, Uijoengbu-si, Republic of Korea.
⁶ Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon, 210-702, Republic of Korea; The East Coast Research Institute of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon, 210-720, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: umyousg@nukw.ac.kr.

PMID: 31221341
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.057

Abstract

Polysaccharides were extracted from Schizophyllum commune (a common mushroom) and their structural and immune-enhancing properties were investigated. Crude and fractions (F₁ and F₂) were composed of sugars (50.3-82.8%), proteins (1.46-20.1%), and sulfates (1.33-7.01%). Monosaccharide compositions of Cr and F₁ were mainly composed of glucose (75.5% and 88.2%) with small amounts of mannose, galactose and xylose whereas the F₂ was mainly composed of manose (55.2%) with minor amounts of galactose, glucose, and xylose. Their immune-enhancing activities were tested using RAW264.7 cells. Proliferation activity of RAW264.7 cells was over 100% after treatment with these polysaccharides. In addition, RAW264.7 cells produced large amounts of nitric oxide and various cytokines by up-regulating mRNA expression levels and the activation of nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) after treatment with these polysaccharides. In addition, RAW264.7 cells were activated mainly through CR-3 and TLR-4 receptors. The backbone of F₂ with excellent immune-enhancing activity was mainly linked by (1→3)-linked-mannopyranosyl and (1→2,3)-linked-mannopyranosyl residues.

Keywords: Immunomodulatory; Polysaccharides; RAW264.7 cell; Schizophyllum commune.

MeSH terms

Animals
Immunologic Factors / chemistry
Immunologic Factors / isolation & purification
Immunologic Factors / pharmacology*
Interleukin-10 / metabolism
Interleukin-12 / metabolism
MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects
Mannans / chemistry
Mannans / isolation & purification
Mannans / pharmacology*
Mice
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
Molecular Weight
NF-kappa B / metabolism
RAW 264.7 Cells
Receptors, Complement / metabolism
Schizophyllum / chemistry*
Toll-Like Receptor 4 / metabolism

Substances

IL10 protein, mouse
Immunologic Factors
Mannans
NF-kappa B
Receptors, Complement
Tlr4 protein, mouse
Toll-Like Receptor 4
Interleukin-10
Interleukin-12
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases