Syndrome of Supine Hypertension with Orthostatic Hypotension: Pathophysiology and Clinical Approach

Abstract

This article is intended to provide guidance and clinical considerations for physicians managing patients suffering from supine hypertension with orthostatic hypotension, referred to as "SH-OH". We review the normal physiologic response to orthostasis, focusing on the appropriate changes to autonomic output in this state. Autonomic failure is discussed with a generalized overview of the disease and examination of specific syndromes that help shed light on the pathophysiology of SH-OH. The goal of this review is to provide a better framework for clinical evaluation of these patients, review treatment options, and ultimately work toward achieving a better quality of life for patients afflicted with this disease.

Keywords: Orthostatic hypotension; autonomic failure; blood pressure; dysautonomia; orthostatic posture; supine hypertension..