Objective: To investigate the relationship of STOX1expression and pathogenesis of early onset preeclampsia. Methods: 65 cases of preeclampsia women who delivered in Shanghai Pudong Hospital from October 2015 to June 2018, were recruited, which included 31 cases with early onset preeclampsia (early onset group, gestational week<34 weeks) and 34 patients with late onset preeclampsia (late onset group, gestational week ≥34 weeks). 34 cases women who received caesarean section because of pelvic structural deformities, breech presentation, macrosomia and social factors were included as the control group(gestational week ≥34 weeks) were selected as control group.The expression and localization of STOX1 mRNA and protein in placenta of three groups of maternal were evaluated by immunohistochemistry SP, RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results: (1) The expression of STOX1 in placenta mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of placental syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts, vascular endothelial and mesenchymal cells, a few in the cell nucleus.The staining intensity of STOX1 in early onset group was significantly stronger than that in late onset group, the staining intensity of the late onset group was similar to that of the control group. The positive expression rates of STOX1protein in early onset group, late onset group and control group were 96.8%(30/31), 70.6%(24/34), 67.6%(23/34) respectively, which was higher in early onset group than that in late onset group(P=0.005). There was no statistical difference of STOX1 level between the late onset group and the control group(P=0.793). (2)Relative expression of STOX1 mRNA in early onset group, late onset group and control group were 0.054 3±0.003 5,0.037 5±0.000 7,0.035 2±0.000 4 respectively, which was significantly higher in early onset group than that in late onset group(P<0.05), while there was no statistical difference between the late onset group and the control group(P>0.05).(3)Relative expression level of STOX1 protein in early onset group, late onset group and control group were 0.78±0.04,0.59±0.020 and 0.54±0.018 respectively, which is higher in early onset group than that in late onset group(P<0.05). There was no statistical difference of STOX1 level between the late onset group and the control group(P>0.05). Conclusions: The pathogenesis of early onset and late onset preeclampsia may be different. Up-regulated expression of STOX1 in placenta may be associated with the pathogenesis of early onset preeclampsia.
目的： 通过检测STOX1在早发型子痫前期（EOPE）产妇胎盘组织中的表达，探讨STOX1表达与EOPE发病的关系。 方法： 选择2015年10月至2018年6月在上海市浦东医院分娩的子痫前期（PE）孕妇65例，其中EOPE孕妇31例（早发组，发病孕周<34周），晚发型PE孕妇34例（晚发组，发病孕周≥34周）；选择同期健康晚期妊娠（因骨盆异常、臀位、巨大儿、社会因素等原因）行剖宫产术分娩的孕妇34例为健康对照组（孕周≥34周）。采用免疫组织化学SP法、实时荧光定量RT-qPCR技术和免疫印迹法检测3组妇女胎盘组织STOX1基因和蛋白的表达差异及细胞定位。 结果： （1）免疫组化SP法显示，STOX1蛋白主要表达于胎盘合体滋养细胞、细胞滋养细胞、绒毛间质及血管内皮细胞的细胞质及部分细胞核，呈黄色或棕黄色染色颗粒，其中早发组的染色强度明显强于晚发组，而晚发组与对照组的染色强度相似。早发组、晚发组及对照组胎盘STOX1蛋白的阳性表达率分别为96.8%（30/31）、70.6%（24/34）和67.6%（23/34），早发组与晚发组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.005），而晚发组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.793）。（2）RT-qPCR技术检测显示，STOX1mRNA在早发组、晚发组及对照组的相对表达量别为0.054 3±0.003 5、0.037 5±0.000 7及0.035 2±0.000 4，早发组与晚发组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），而晚发组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（3）免疫印迹法检测显示，早发组、晚发组及对照组胎盘中STOX1蛋白的相对表达量别为0.78±0.04、0.59±0.02及0.54±0.018，早发组明显高于晚发组（P<0.05）；而晚发组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论： 早发型与晚发型PE的发病机制可能不同，胎盘组织中STOX1表达可能与EOPE的发生相关。.
Keywords: Early onset preeclampsia; Placenta; STOX1.