Objective: To understand the current situation of soil-transmitted nematode infections and influencing factors of pupils in rural areas of Yi Ethnicity in Butuo County, Sichuan Province, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematode infections.
Methods: In 2016, the pupils of 2 villages in Butuo County were selected by the multi-stage random sampling method, and the relevant information was obtained by questionnaires, including social demographic information, diet and hygiene habits and acknowledge of parasitic disease prevention. The soil-transmitted nematode infections were examined by Kato-Katz technique. The results were statistically analyzed by the single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression methods.
Results: A total of 160 pupils were investigated in this survey. The soil-transmitted nematodes included Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm. The overall infection rate was 89.38%, and the multi-infection rate was 54.55%. The infection rates of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura were higher. The infection densities were mild (75.68%) or moderate (22.97%). The logistic regression analysis showed that the protective factor of soil-transmitted nematode infections was the knowledge about correct diet and health habits notified by teachers (OR = 0.67), but the risk factor was drinking unboiled water (OR = 19.26).
Conclusions: The infection rate of nematodes is still high in the pupils in rural areas of Yi Ethnicity in Butuo County, Sichuan Province. Therefore, we should strengthen the prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematode infections, especially A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections, and mostly develop the teachers'function in health education.
［摘要］ 目的 了解四川省布拖县彝族农村地区小学生土源性线虫感染现状及其影响因素, 为彝族农村小学生土源性 线虫感染防控提供科学依据。方法 2016 年采用多阶段随机整群抽样, 在四川省凉山彝族自治州布拖县抽取 2 个村的 小学生为调查对象。通过问卷调查, 获取小学生社会人口学信息、饮食和卫生习惯以及寄生虫病防治知识知晓情况等信 息; 采用改良加藤厚涂片法 (1 粪 3 检) 检测小学生粪便土源性线虫感染情况。采用 χ2检验进行单因素分析, 运用多因素 logistic 回归模型分析当地小学生土源性线虫感染的影响因素。结果 共调查布拖县彝族农村地区 2 个村 160 名小学生。 小学生感染的土源性线虫虫种有蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫, 总感染率为 89.38%, 其中 2 种及以上虫种感染率为 54.55%, 蛔虫和 鞭虫感染率较高; 感染程度以轻度和中度居多, 分别为 75.68% 和 22.97%。logistic 回归分析显示, 布拖县彝族农村小学生 土源性线虫感染的危险因素有饮用生水(OR = 19.26), 保护因素有老师告知的正确饮食和卫生习惯情况(OR = 0.67)。结论 四川省布拖县彝族农村地区小学生土源性线虫感染仍处于较高水平。建议今后应以蛔虫和鞭虫为重点防治虫种, 并进一步发挥老师在健康教育中的作用, 降低小学生土源性线虫感染率。.
Keywords: Butuo County; Health education; Influencing factor; Pupil; Soil-transmitted nematodiasis; Yi Ethnicity.