Objective: The association between antipsychotic use and gastric cancer risk remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between antipsychotic exposure and the incidence of gastric cancer.
Methods: Using a nested case-control design, a total of 34 470 gastric cancer patients and 163 430 nongastric cancer controls were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2013. We analyzed the data using a conditional logistic regression model to adjust for possible confounding variables.
Results: Antipsychotic use was independently inversely associated with gastric cancer risk after controlling for potential confounding factors including income, urbanization, medications, physical and medical illness, aspirin use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and triple therapy. In addition, dose-dependent trends against gastric cancer risk were also shown with individual antipsychotic compounds including thioridazine, haloperidol, sulpiride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, amisulpride, and risperidone. A sensitivity analysis showed that second-generation antipsychotics had significant dose-dependent effects in reducing the risk of gastric cancer risk in patients with and without peptic ulcer disease.
Conclusions: Antipsychotic use was inversely associated with gastric cancer risk, and dose-dependent effects against gastric cancer were also seen with several individual antipsychotic compounds.
Keywords: cancer risk factors; clinical cancer research; digestive cancer.
© 2019 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.