Left ventricular assist devices exchange: why, when and how to do it-experience from experts

Affiliations

• ¹ Heart Centre Heidelberg, Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
• ² Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Centre, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
• ³ Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Oldenburg, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
• ⁴ Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Thoracic Transplantation, West German Heart and Vascular Centre Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
• ⁵ Department of Cardiothoracic Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, Middlesex, UK.
• ⁶ Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.