Could Short-Term Perioperative High-Dose Atorvastatin Offer Antiarrhythmic and Cardio-Protective Effects in Rheumatic Valve Replacement Surgery?

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019 Dec;33(12):3340-3347. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.05.013. Epub 2019 May 17.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the role of prophylactic high-dose atorvastatin for prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), inflammatory response attenuation, and myocardial protection after valve replacement cardiac surgery.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Assiut University Hospitals.

Participants: Sixty-four adult patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement surgery.

Interventions: The participants were equally divided into 2 groups. Group S received 80 mg of atorvastatin (oral tablets), 12 and 2 hours preoperatively, and on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th postoperative days. Control group C received placebo at the same time periods.

Measurements: The incidence of POAF, postoperative white blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and troponin I.

Main results: Group S patients showed a lower incidence of POAF compared with the placebo group (p = 0.031). The white blood cell count showed significant reductions in group S compared with group C on the second, third, fourth, and fifth postoperative days. The C-reactive protein level showed significant reductions on the third, fourth, and fifth postoperative days in group S compared with group C (p = 0.001, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). The serum level of interleukin 6 showed a significant reduction on the fifth postoperative day in group S compared with group C (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the troponin I level and inotropic score.

Conclusion: Prophylactic use of high dose atorvastatin can decrease the incidence of POAF and attenuate the inflammatory process in adult patients undergoing isolated rheumatic cardiac valve replacement surgery.

Keywords: Atorvastatin; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Postoperative atrial fibrillation.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Atorvastatin / administration & dosage*
  • Atrial Fibrillation / epidemiology
  • Atrial Fibrillation / etiology
  • Atrial Fibrillation / prevention & control*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Egypt / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects*
  • Heart Valves / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Perioperative Care / methods*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Rheumatic Heart Disease / surgery*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Atorvastatin