The synthesis and anticancer activity of 2-styrylquinoline derivatives. A p53 independent mechanism of action

Eur J Med Chem. 2019 Sep 1:177:338-349. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.061. Epub 2019 May 25.

Abstract

A series of styrylquinolines was designed and synthesized based on the four main quinoline scaffolds including oxine, chloroxine and quinolines substituted with a hydroxyl group or chlorine atom at the C4 position. All of the compounds were tested for their anticancer activity on wild-type colon cancer cells (HCT 116) and those with a p53 deletion. Analysis of SAR revealed the importance of electron-withdrawing substituents in the styryl part and chelating properties in the quinoline ring. The compounds that were more active were also tested on a panel of four cancer cell lines with mutations in TP53 tumor suppressor gene. The results suggest that styrylquinolines induce cell cycle arrest and activate a p53-independent apoptosis. The apparent mechanism of action was studied for the most promising compounds, which produced reactive oxygen species and changed the cellular redox balance.

Keywords: 2-Styrylquinoline derivatives; Anticancer activity; Apoptosis; Cell cycle inhibition; Reactive oxygen species; p53 protein.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / toxicity
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Heme Oxygenase-1 / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 / metabolism
  • Quinolines / chemical synthesis
  • Quinolines / chemistry
  • Quinolines / pharmacology*
  • Quinolines / toxicity
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism*
  • S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Styrenes / chemical synthesis
  • Styrenes / chemistry
  • Styrenes / pharmacology*
  • Styrenes / toxicity
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Quinolines
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Styrenes
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • HMOX1 protein, human
  • Heme Oxygenase-1
  • PARP1 protein, human
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1