Ultrastiff, Strong, and Highly Thermally Conductive Crystalline Graphitic Films with Mixed Stacking Order

Bin Wang; Benjamin V Cunning; Na Yeon Kim; Fariborz Kargar; Sun-Young Park; Zhancheng Li; Shalik R Joshi; Li Peng; Vijayakumar Modepalli; Xianjue Chen; Yongtao Shen; Won Kyung Seong; Youngwoo Kwon; Jeongsu Jang; Haofei Shi; Chao Gao; Gun-Ho Kim; Tae Joo Shin; Kwanpyo Kim; Ju-Young Kim; Alexander A Balandin; Zonghoon Lee; Rodney S Ruoff

doi:10.1002/adma.201903039

Ultrastiff, Strong, and Highly Thermally Conductive Crystalline Graphitic Films with Mixed Stacking Order

Adv Mater. 2019 Jul;31(29):e1903039. doi: 10.1002/adma.201903039. Epub 2019 Jun 3.

Authors

Bin Wang¹, Benjamin V Cunning¹, Na Yeon Kim^{1

2}, Fariborz Kargar³, Sun-Young Park^{1

2}, Zhancheng Li⁴, Shalik R Joshi⁵, Li Peng⁶, Vijayakumar Modepalli¹, Xianjue Chen¹, Yongtao Shen¹, Won Kyung Seong¹, Youngwoo Kwon¹, Jeongsu Jang⁷, Haofei Shi⁴, Chao Gao⁶, Gun-Ho Kim⁵, Tae Joo Shin⁸, Kwanpyo Kim⁷, Ju-Young Kim^{1

2}, Alexander A Balandin³, Zonghoon Lee^{1

2}, Rodney S Ruoff^{1

2

9}

Affiliations

¹ Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
² School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
³ Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
⁴ Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China.
⁵ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
⁶ MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
⁷ Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
⁸ UNIST Central Research Facilities & School of Natural Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
⁹ Department of Chemistry and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.

PMID: 31155773
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903039

Abstract

A macroscopic film (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm) made by layer-by-layer assembly of 100 single-layer polycrystalline graphene films is reported. The graphene layers are transferred and stacked one by one using a wet process that leads to layer defects and interstitial contamination. Heat-treatment of the sample up to 2800 °C results in the removal of interstitial contaminants and the healing of graphene layer defects. The resulting stacked graphene sample is a freestanding film with near-perfect in-plane crystallinity but a mixed stacking order through the thickness, which separates it from all existing carbon materials. Macroscale tensile tests yields maximum values of 62 GPa for the Young's modulus and 0.70 GPa for the fracture strength, significantly higher than has been reported for any other macroscale carbon films; microscale tensile tests yield maximum values of 290 GPa for the Young's modulus and 5.8 GPa for the fracture strength. The measured in-plane thermal conductivity is exceptionally high, 2292 ± 159 W m^-1 K^-1 while in-plane electrical conductivity is 2.2 × 10⁵ S m^-1 . The high performance of these films is attributed to the combination of the high in-plane crystalline order and unique stacking configuration through the thickness.

Keywords: graphene; layer-by-layer; mechanical, thermal.

Abstract

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