Objective: To evaluate the etiology of a subadult skeleton exhibiting increased size of the neurocranium and upper face.
Materials: Skeletal remains of a child aged between 1.5-2 years from the Early Modern Period (14th -18th), Žumberak, Croatia.
Methods: Metric and volumetric data were collected, and CT with VRT reconstruction was employed.
Results: Metric analyses indicate that the neurocranium and upper face display increased size and volume.
Conclusion: A diagnosis of the communicating form of hydrocephalus is suggested.
Significance: This is the first published case of the communicating form of hydrocephalus.
Limitations: It is difficult to determine the specific etiology of this condition based on skeletal remains.
Keywords: Croatia; Early Modern Period; Hydrocephalus; Žumberak.
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