Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis discloses chromosome copy number alterations as indicators of patient outcome in lymph node-negative breast cancer

BMC Cancer. 2019 May 30;19(1):521. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5737-7.

Abstract

Background: Patients with lymph node metastasis-negative (pN0) invasive breast cancer have favorable outcomes following initial treatment. However, false negatives which occur during routine histologic examination of lymph nodes are reported to underestimate the clinical stage of disease. To identify a high-risk group in pN0 invasive breast cancer, we examined copy number alterations (CNAs) of 800 cancer-related genes.

Methods: Using array-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in 51 pN0 cases (19 relapsed and 32 non-relapsed cases), the positivities of specific gene CNAs in the relapsed and non-relapsed groups were compared. An unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis was then performed to identify case groups that were correlated with patient outcomes.

Results: The cluster analysis identified three distinct clusters of cases: groups 1, 2, and 3. The major component was triple-negative cases (69%, 9 of 13) in group 1, luminal B-like (57%, 13 of 23) and HER2-overexpressing (26%, 6 of 23) subtypes in group 2, and luminal A-like subtype (60%, 9 of 15) in group 3. Among all 51 cases, those in group 1 showed significantly worse overall survival (OS) than group 2 (p = 0.014), and 5q15 loss was correlated with worse OS (p = 0.017). Among 19 relapsed cases, both OS and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (p = 0.0083 and 0.0018, respectively), and 5q15 loss, 12p13.31 gain, and absence of 16p13.3 gain were significantly correlated with worse OS and RFS (p = 0.019 and 0.0027, respectively).

Conclusions: As the target genes in these loci, NR2F1 (5q15), TNFRSF1A (12p13.31), and ABCA3 (16p13.3) were examined. 5q15 loss, 12p13.31 gain, and absence of 16q13.3 gain were potential indicators of high-risk recurrence and aggressive clinical behavior of pN0 invasive breast cancers.

Keywords: ABCA3; Array-CGH; NR2F1; TNFRSF1A; pN0 invasive breast cancer.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms / classification
  • Breast Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Breast Neoplasms / mortality
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Chromosome Aberrations
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Comparative Genomic Hybridization
  • DNA Copy Number Variations / genetics*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology*
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Middle Aged
  • Survival Analysis

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor