Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the relationship between implant diameter, and primary and secondary stability.
Materials and methods: Five hundred fifty-nine implants with diameters of 3.7, 4.0, and 4.3 mm and lengths of 10 and 11.5 mm were placed in 195 patients. The resonance frequency was measured during surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months.
Results: Related average implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were 69.62 for 3.7-mm implants, 72.02 for 4.0-mm implants, and 69.67 for 4.3-mm implants. Values in men were greater than values in women. Values were greater for the mandible than for the maxilla. There are significant differences between 4.0-mm implants, and 3.7 anterior maxilla and 4.3 posterior maxilla.
Conclusions: There is no relationship between increased ISQ values and increased diameters. We observed a preference regarding sex, with men having significantly greater values for 3.7- and 4.3-mm diameters. The mandible obtained the greatest ISQ values, with significant differences for diameters 3.7 and 4.3 mm.