Evaluation of the optimal standardized ileal digestible valine:lysine ratio in lactating sow diets1

Abstract

An experiment was conducted with 430 sows to evaluate the ideal standardized ileal digestible (SID) Val:Lys on sow and litter performance during an 18.6-d lactation period. The SID Val:Lys ratios measured were based on the previously published literature and then values above and below reported values. Sows were randomly allotted within parity block (parity 1, parity 2, and parity 3+) to one of five corn-soybean meal-based lactation diets formulated to contain different levels of SID Val:Lys (0.50, 0.62, 0.75, 0.88, and 1.00, respectively). All diets were formulated to be isocaloric (3.35 ME Mcal/kg) with 0.95% SID Lys and contained vitamins and minerals that exceeded recommendations (NRC, 2012). Experimental diets were given to sows from 112 d of pregnancy throughout the 23-d lactation period. Litters were standardized within 48 h after farrowing. Sows were fed with the Howema computerized feeding system that mixed the high and low diets to create the intermediate diets, weighed the feed for each sow and then delivered the feed to each individual feeding hopper to record daily sow feed intake during lactation. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS with sow as the experimental unit and treatment as a fixed effect and parity as the random effect. Results were considered significant at P ≤ 0.05 and considered a trend at P > 0.05 and P ≤ 0.10. Sow ADFI was not significantly different (5.2, 5.2, 5.2, 5.0, and 5.4 ± 0.15 kg/d, respectively). On average, sows consumed ~45 g of SID Lys per day. Sow wean to estrus (5.2, 4.7, 5.3, 5.5, and 4.5 ± 0.32 d, respectively) was not different as the Val:Lys ratio changed. Increasing the Val:Lys ratio resulted in no differences (2.66, 2.64, 2.76, 2.61, and 2.62 ± 0.08 kg; P > 0.10) in average daily litter gain. There were no differences in sow weight loss or subsequent total born across the dietary treatments. Overall, increasing levels of SID Val:Lys did not change sow reproductive performance or piglet growth rate.

Keywords: lactation; sow; valine ratio.