Changbai Mountain is located in the eastern mountain forest region of Northeast China, with broad-leaved Korean pine forest (BKF) as the climax vegetation type. The region is rich in species diversity and serves as an important carrier for precious wood production and forest belts in Northeast China. In the recent 120 years, the vast primary forests in Changbai Mountains have almost disappeared, and have been replaced by secondary forests, over-cut forests, and plantations. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the theory and technology of forest management for BKF in Northeast China have gradually improved along with the researches and understanding on the structure and function of BKF, the disputes of Korean pine regeneration characteristics, and the debate about clear cutting and selective cutting. However, the problem of insufficient Korean pine regeneration still exists, and forest management is very extensive. We tried to untangle the management technology trail and research history of BKF in the past 70 years, and to analyze the current forest types and the formation process of the management regulations, with the aim to provide reference for the sustainable management and quality improvement of natural forests in the region.
长白山区位于中国东北东部的山地森林区,地带性植被是阔叶红松林,是我国珍贵木材生产和东北森林带的重要载体,孕育着丰富的物种资源.短短120年来,长白山区广袤的原始森林几乎消失殆尽,被次生林、过伐林和人工林等替代.建国以来,东北的阔叶红松林经营理论与技术在红松更新规律、皆伐与择伐的争论中,在人们对阔叶红松林结构和功能认识不断深入的过程中逐渐完善.但目前红松更新问题依然存在,森林经营依然十分粗放.本文梳理了过去70年来阔叶红松林的经营历史及研究历程,分析当前森林资源类型和经营制度的形成过程,以期为该区天然林可持续经营和质量的精准提升等提供借鉴.
Keywords: Changbai Mountain Region; broad-leaved Korean pine forest; forest management history; research history.