Clinical Outcome of Patients With Malignant Tumors Associated With Mature Cystic Teratomas of the Ovary: A Retrospective Multicenter Italian Study

Abstract

Background/aim: The aim of the study was to assess the clinical outcome of patients with malignant transformation of an ovarian mature teratoma.

Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 23 patients who underwent primary surgery at three Italian Gynecological Centers. Histologically, nine (39.1%) patients had squamous cell carcinoma, five (21.7%) had a thyroid carcinoma, six (26.1%) had a carcinoid, one (4.3%) patient had papillary renal carcinoma, one (4.3%) had medulloblastoma and one (4.3%) had intestinal-type mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Results: All six patients with stage I squamous cell carcinoma had no evidence of disease (NED) after a median time of 141 months. Of the three patients with stage IIb-IIIc squamous cell carcinoma, two had NED after 119 and 154 months, and one died of the disease 9 months after diagnosis. All five women with stage I thyroid carcinoma had NED after a median of 60 months. Of the six patients with stage I carcinoid, five had NED after a median of 168 months, whereas one died due to carcinoid heart disease. The three patients with stage I renal carcinoma, medulloblastoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma had NED after 24, 141 and 149 months, respectively.

Conclusion: The clinical outcome of early-stage malignancies associated with mature ovarian teratomas is excellent following treatment.

Keywords: Mature cystic teratoma; carcinoid; squamous cell carcinoma; surgery; thyroid carcinoma.