With the increasing understanding of the specific molecular and cellular pathogenesis of cancer, systemic cancer treatment has become much more targeted and in part substantially more effective. The increased number of long-term survivors and the number of highly specific targeted therapies have resulted in a wide range of neurological complications. Neurologists are increasingly confronted with previously unknown neurological complications of cancer treatment. A profound understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of anticancer drugs is the key for a prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these treatment-associated neurological complications.
Keywords: Checkpoint inhibitors; Encephalopathy; Myopathy; Targeted therapies; Toxic neuropathy.