Immunotherapy Toxicities

Katherine Sanchez; David B Page; Walter Urba

doi:10.1016/j.soc.2019.02.009

Immunotherapy Toxicities

Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2019 Jul;28(3):387-401. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2019.02.009. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Authors

Katherine Sanchez¹, David B Page², Walter Urba²

Affiliations

¹ Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, 4805 Northeast Glisan Street, North Pavilion, 2N, Portland, OR 97213, USA. Electronic address: katherine.sanchez@providence.org.
² Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, 4805 Northeast Glisan Street, North Pavilion, 2N, Portland, OR 97213, USA.

PMID: 31079795
DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2019.02.009

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are therapeutic antibodies that target regulatory molecules on T cells and represent the most widely used FDA-approved class of immunotherapy. ICIs are associated with unique immune-mediated toxicities called immune-related adverse events. These toxicities may affect any organ system, and their precise mechanisms of action remain under investigation. Current evidence suggests that activation of T cells is involved, although other components of the immune response have been implicated. This article summarizes toxicities, potential mechanisms of action, management strategies, and other clinical considerations. Unique mechanisms of action and immune-related toxicities of other FDA-approved classes of immunotherapy are reviewed.

Keywords: Immune checkpoint inhibitors side effects; Immune-related adverse events (irAE); Mechanisms of irAE; T cell mediated toxicity.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / adverse effects*
Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects*
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / etiology*
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / prevention & control
Humans
Immunotherapy / adverse effects*
Neoplasms / drug therapy*
Neoplasms / immunology
Risk Factors

Substances

Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological