Contribution of platelets, the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems to cutaneous wound healing

Abstract

Wound healing is a complex process that consists of multiple phases, each of which are indispensable for adequate repair. Timely initiation and resolution of each of these phases namely, hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodeling, is critical for promoting healing and avoiding excess scar formation. While platelets have long been known to influence the healing process, other components of blood particularly coagulation factors and the fibrinolytic system also contribute to efficient wound repair. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the role of platelets, the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in cutaneous wound healing, with a focus on how these components communicate with immune and non-immune cells in the wound microenvironment. We also outline current and potential therapeutic strategies to improve the management of chronic, non-healing wounds.

Keywords: Chronic wounds; Coagulation factors; Cutaneous wound healing; Macrophages; Neutrophils; Platelets.