The application value of modified thyroid imaging report and data system in diagnosing medullary thyroid carcinoma

Abstract

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is highly malignant and quite different from the most common papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, most of the ultrasonic evaluation systems mainly aim at PTC at present. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of modified TI-RADS in diagnosing MTC and compare the sonographic differences of MTC, PTC, and benign nodules. Three thousand two hundred and forty-two thyroid nodules images confirmed by pathology were categorized according to modified TI-RADS and ACR TI-RADS classification. The performances of two TI-RADS were assessed by ROC curves. The correlations between classifications with the pathology and the consistency of different doctors were evaluated. The ultrasonic differences of MTC, PTC, and benign nodules were analyzed. As a result, the number of high suspicious US features increased, the malignant risk of nodules also increased of two classifications, with significant differences between categories (P < 0.001). Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.751 (modified TI-TADS) and 0.744 (ACR TI-RADS). Areas under the ROC curve of the modified TI-RADS and ACR TI-RADS were 0.960 and 0.872 (P < 0.001). At Best cut off points, the diagnostic value of modified TI-RADS was higher than that of ACR TI-RADS with a higher specificity, PPV, accuracy, and Youden index). By using modified TI-RADS to diagnose MTC and PTC, the sensitivity, specificity, NPV, accuracy, and Youden index were higher in MTC than PTC. The Kendall's correlation coefficients were 0.962, 0.930, and 0.987. MTC had special ultrasonography characters compared with PTC and benign nodules. These results suggest that modified TI-RADS is better than ACR TI-RADS in diagnosing thyroid carcinomas. Diagnostic value to MTC of modified TI-RADS is slightly higher than that to PTC, and the categorical results of different doctors were consistent. MTC had several particular features contrast to PTC and benign nodules.

Keywords: TI-RADS; medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC); modified; papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); thyroid.