Background: Bone marrow (BM) samples obtained from minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) were used in our laboratory as negative biological controls for the development of a neuroblastoma (NBL) flow-cytometric (FC) protocol. The accidental, but systematic, identification of rare cell populations (RCP) mimicking NBL cells (CD45- /CD56+ ) in these samples indicated the need for their thorough immunophenotypic identification, in order to elucidate their possible interference in NBL-MRD assessment.
Procedure: RCP observed in BM samples from 14 children recovering from BM aplasia due to intensive chemotherapy for B-ALL were investigated with the following markers: CD81, CD200, CD24, GD2, CD73, CD13, CD90, CD146, CD9, CD117, CD10, CD99, and NG2. BM samples from six newly diagnosed patients with NBL and an NBL cell line were simultaneously investigated as positive controls.
Results: The frequency of RCP in B-ALL BM samples was < 1/1 × 104 cells (bulky lysis), and their immunophenotypic profile was indicative of CD56+ mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) (CD45- , CD90+ , CD146+ , CD73+ ). Also, RCP expressed CD81 and CD200, simulating NBL cells. The most useful discriminative markers for CD56+ MSCs were CD13 and CD73. An appropriate protocol consisting of two tubes with seven color combinations was further proposed: SYTO-16, GD2 (first tube) or CD73 (second tube)-PE, CD24-ECD, CD13-PC5.5, CD45-PC7, CD81-APC, and CD56-APC700.
Conclusions: RCP that were immunophenotypically similar to NBL were identified as CD56+ MSCs. As these cells might pose an obstacle to accurate NBL disease assessment by FC, especially MRD, an enhanced NBL-FC protocol is proposed for prospective evaluation.
Keywords: flow cytometry; hematology/oncology; mesenchymal stromal cells; minimal residual disease; neuroblastoma.
© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.