This Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Brief presents statistics from the 2016 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) on inpatient stays involving MSUDs at community hospitals among patients aged 5 years or older. First, MSUD-related inpatient stay characteristics, including costs, length of stay, discharge status, patient demographics, primary expected payer, and hospital location are shown. Inpatient stays for MSUDs (i.e., those with a principal MSUD diagnosis) are shown separately from those with a principal diagnosis of a physical condition and a secondary MSUD condition. Stays with no MSUD diagnosis are shown as a point of comparison. Second, the frequency, costs, and length of stay for specific MSUDs are shown. Because of the large sample size of the HCUP NIS, small differences can be statistically significant. Thus, only percentage differences between groups greater than or equal to 10 percent are noted in the text. For further information on the methodology, see the Data Source and Definitions sections at the end of this Statistical Brief.