Patients' perspectives about their health are critical to improving health outcomes. Patient reported outcomes (PRO) are emerging as a standard way to capture patient perspectives in clinical research and care delivery. Conventionally, researchers used lengthy fixed instruments that were burdensome and had limited applicability across disease groups and the life course. To address these challenges, the National Institutes of Health invested in the development of an innovative, paradigm-shifting measurement system: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®). This article provides an overview of the vision, funding, development, and growth of PROMIS® over the last 15 years. We highlight current and future research needs given the expanding adoption of PROMIS® across a variety of health care contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).