Hypertension in Children and Adolescents

Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2019 Mar;26(2):146-150. doi: 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.02.003.

Abstract

Hypertension is a growing problem in children and adolescents, with primary hypertension becoming the most common etiology. In addition to demonstrating that high blood pressure in children and young adults is likely to remain elevated into adulthood, this review (1) addresses important aspects of measuring blood pressure in children and adolescents, (2) defines elevated blood pressure and hypertension in this age group, (3) describes the initial evaluation and workup of abnormally high blood pressure, and (4) introduces treatment strategies for youth with sustained hypertension.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Child; Hypertension; Pediatric.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Blood Pressure Determination
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / therapeutic use
  • Child
  • Diet Therapy*
  • Exercise*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / diagnosis*
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Hypertension / therapy*
  • Mass Screening
  • Oscillometry
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Prevalence
  • Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors