Concepts of nanoparticle cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and kinetics in nanomedicine

Nathan D Donahue; Handan Acar; Stefan Wilhelm

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2019.04.008

Concepts of nanoparticle cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and kinetics in nanomedicine

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019 Mar 15:143:68-96. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.04.008. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Authors

Nathan D Donahue¹, Handan Acar², Stefan Wilhelm³

Affiliations

¹ Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.
² Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States; Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States. Electronic address: hacar@ou.edu.
³ Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States; Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States. Electronic address: stefan.wilhelm@ou.edu.

PMID: 31022434
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.04.008

Abstract

Nanoparticle-based therapeutics and diagnostics are commonly referred to as nanomedicine and may significantly impact the future of healthcare. However, the clinical translation of these technologies is challenging. One of these challenges is the efficient delivery of nanoparticles to specific cell populations and subcellular targets in the body to elicit desired biological and therapeutic responses. It is critical for researchers to understand the fundamental concepts of how nanoparticles interact with biological systems to predict and control in vivo nanoparticle transport for improved clinical benefit. In this overview article, we review and discuss cellular internalization pathways, summarize the field`s understanding of how nanoparticle physicochemical properties affect cellular interactions, and explore and discuss intracellular nanoparticle trafficking and kinetics. Our overview may provide a valuable resource for researchers and may inspire new studies to expand our current understanding of nanotechnology-biology interactions at cellular and subcellular levels with the goal to improve clinical translation of nanomedicines.

Keywords: Cellular uptake; Endocytosis; Endosomal escape; Exocytosis; Immunoengineering; Intracellular pharmacokinetics; Intracellular trafficking; Nanomedicine; Nanoparticle; Nucleic acid delivery; Organelle targeting; Phagocytosis; Stimuli-responsive modifications; siRNA delivery.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Biological Transport
Endocytosis
Humans
Kinetics
Nanomedicine
Nanoparticles / metabolism*