Objective: The incidence of cesarean section (CS) was estimated as about 48% between 2000 and 2012 in Iran. This study was conducted to assess the effects of reviewing written childbirth scenarios on the selection of delivery method.
Materials and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Shohada Women's Hospital in Behshahr, Mazandaran, Iran, from May to December 2015. A total of 223 women at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation were randomly allocated into three groups; the standard care (control), theory of planned behavior (TPB)-based education, and TPB education plus additional support via written childbirth scenarios (scenario). Participants were assessed at baseline (weeks 28-32) and intervention (week 37 of pregnancy) periods. Both intervention groups (TPB and scenario groups) participated in three learning sessions that were based on TPB, whereas the control group received routine care service.
Results: The frequencies of normal vaginal delivery (NVD) in the scenario, TPB, and control groups were 73.2%, 58.5%, and 45.7%, respectively (p=0.004). The results showed that the relative risks of CS decision in the scenario and TPB groups in comparison with the control group were both 0.87 and statistically significant (p=0.018 and p=0.013, respectively). The relative risk of choosing CS after the removal of obligatory CS cases in the scenario group compared with the control was 0.85.
Conclusion: Written childbirth scenarios that contain information on NVD and CS as additional support are effective educational tools for reducing CS rates.
Keywords: Iran; scenario; theory of planned behavior; Cesarean section.