Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma - controversies and future directions

Sabina Sevcikova; Jiri Minarik; Martin Stork; Tomas Jelinek; Ludek Pour; Roman Hajek

doi:10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.002

Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma - controversies and future directions

Blood Rev. 2019 Jul:36:32-39. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.002. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Authors

Sabina Sevcikova¹, Jiri Minarik², Martin Stork³, Tomas Jelinek⁴, Ludek Pour⁵, Roman Hajek⁶

Affiliations

¹ Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: sevcik@med.muni.cz.
² Department of Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic. Electronic address: abretina@seznam.cz.
³ Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: stork.martin@fnbrno.cz.
⁴ Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic. Electronic address: tomas.jelinek@fno.cz.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: pour.ludek@fnbrno.cz.
⁶ Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic. Electronic address: roman.hajek@fno.cz.

PMID: 31005420
DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.002

Abstract

Extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma (EM) remains a treatment challenge even in the era of new drugs. While many reports analyzing various aspects of EM have been published, mechanism of EM development has not been clarified yet. This review summarizes current knowledge about this clinical entity, including its history, diagnostics, imaging methods, incidence, prognosis, current treatment options, risk factors and known molecular mechanisms that might be involved in pathogenesis of EM.

Keywords: Biomarker; Extramedullary disease; Multiple myeloma; Resistance; Treatment.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Multiple Myeloma / complications*
Multiple Myeloma / pathology