Detection and Differentiation of Breast Cancer Sub-Types using a cPLA2α Activatable Fluorophore

Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 16;9(1):6122. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41626-y.

Abstract

Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) has been shown to be elevated in breast cancer and is a potential biomarker in the differentiation of molecular sub-types. Using a cPLA2α activatable fluorophore, DDAO arachidonate, we explore its ability to function as a contrast agent in fluorescence-guided surgery. In cell lines ranging in cPLA2α expression and representing varying breast cancer sub-types, we show DDAO arachidonate activates with a high correlation to cPLA2α expression level. Using a control probe, DDAO palmitate, in addition to cPLA2α inhibition and genetic knockdown, we show that this activation is a result of cPLA2α activity. In mouse models, using an ex vivo tumor painting technique, we show that DDAO arachidonate activates to a high degree in basal-like versus luminal-like breast tumors and healthy mammary tissue. Finally, we show that using an in vivo model, orthotopic basal-like tumors give significantly high probe activation compared to healthy mammary fat pads and surrounding tissue. Together we conclude that cPLA2α activatable fluorophores such as DDAO arachidonate may serve as a useful contrast agent for the visualization of tumor margins in the fluorescence-guided surgery of basal-like breast cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acridines / administration & dosage*
  • Acridines / chemistry
  • Acridines / metabolism
  • Administration, Topical
  • Animals
  • Arachidonic Acid / chemistry
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms / surgery
  • Contrast Media / administration & dosage*
  • Contrast Media / chemistry
  • Contrast Media / metabolism
  • Female
  • Fluorescent Dyes / administration & dosage
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry
  • Fluorescent Dyes / metabolism
  • Group IV Phospholipases A2 / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intraperitoneal
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Mammary Glands, Animal / pathology
  • Mastectomy / methods
  • Mice
  • Optical Imaging / methods*
  • Video-Assisted Surgery / methods
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • 9H-(1,3-dichloro-9,9-dimethylacridine-2-on-7-yl)phosphate
  • Acridines
  • Contrast Media
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Arachidonic Acid
  • Group IV Phospholipases A2