Floods are the most common natural disaster occurring worldwide, with their impact expected to grow in the future due to the effects of climate change and population shift. Floodwaters pose immediate dangers to human health, but also long-term effects resulting from displacement and worsened living conditions. This review examines the health impact of flood disasters, including skin and soft-tissue infections, gastroenteritis, and zoonotic infections such as leptospirosis, and the impact on noncommunicable diseases and health infrastructure. Further work in the development of cost-efficient preparedness strategies may mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with such natural disasters.
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