Autophagy in periodontal disease: Evidence from a literature review

Alejandro I Lorenzo-Pouso; Pablo Castelo-Baz; Mario Pérez-Sayáns; Jason Lim; Yago Leira

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.029

Autophagy in periodontal disease: Evidence from a literature review

Arch Oral Biol. 2019 Jun:102:55-64. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.029. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Authors

Alejandro I Lorenzo-Pouso¹, Pablo Castelo-Baz², Mario Pérez-Sayáns³, Jason Lim⁴, Yago Leira⁵

Affiliations

¹ Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, GI-1319 Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Electronic address: alexlopo@hotmail.com.
² Endodontics Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
³ Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, GI-1319 Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
⁴ Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, University College London, London, UK.
⁵ Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, University College London, London, UK; Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Medical-Surgical Dentistry (OMEQUI) Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

PMID: 30974378
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.029

Abstract

Objective: To summarize evidence and data relating to the implications of autophagy in periodontal disease (PD) and to describe potential nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals that could modulate this cell death subtype.

Design: Literature searches of various electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE) using appropriate keywords (e.g., periodontal disease, periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, periodontal infection, tooth loss, autophagy, programmed cell death, and type 2 cell death) were performed. Then, a comprehensive literature review of the current understanding of this link was elaborated.

Results: Autophagy plays a pivotal role in PD, and its regulation seems to be an interesting avenue for future periodontal research, according to several in vivo and in vitro reports.

Conclusion: Today's research has ascertained the role of autophagy in PD, especially its role in the host's defence against periodontal disease drivers. A bulk of the research recognised several pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals that could potentially modulate this kind of cell death and serve as useful therapies. However, further research is warranted to reach a clinical translation, which could help in the discovery of novel host modulation therapies for PD.

Keywords: Autophagy; Cell fate; Disease prevention; Molecular targets; Periodontal disease; Redox regulation.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Alveolar Bone Loss
Autophagy*
Humans
Periodontal Diseases*
Periodontitis