RETRACTED: Arbutin attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury through regulation of microRNA-29a in retinal ganglion cells

Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Apr:112:108729. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108729. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Abstract

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief as panels from Figures 1D, 2E and 4E appear similar to each other. Given the comments of Dr Elisabeth Bik regarding this article “As previously described by Christopher …, the Western blot bands in all 400+ papers are all very regularly spaced and have a smooth appearance in the shape of a dumbbell or tadpole, without any of the usual smudges or stains”, the journal requested the authors to provide the raw data. However, the authors were not able to fulfil this request.

Keywords: Arbutin; MEK/ERK; Optic nerve injury; Oxidative injury; microRNA-29a; p38MAPK.

Publication types

  • Retracted Publication

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Arbutin / pharmacology*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects*
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / toxicity*
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • Optic Nerve Injuries / metabolism
  • Optic Nerve Injuries / pathology
  • Optic Nerve Injuries / prevention & control
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Oxidative Stress / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells / drug effects*
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells / metabolism
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells / pathology

Substances

  • MIRN29 microRNA, rat
  • MicroRNAs
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Arbutin
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt