Accounting for skill in trend, variability, and autocorrelation facilitates better multi-model projections: Application to the AMOC and temperature time series

PLoS One. 2019 Apr 10;14(4):e0214535. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214535. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

We present a novel quasi-Bayesian method to weight multiple dynamical models by their skill at capturing both potentially non-linear trends and first-order autocorrelated variability of the underlying process, and to make weighted probabilistic projections. We validate the method using a suite of one-at-a-time cross-validation experiments involving Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), its temperature-based index, as well as Korean summer mean maximum temperature. In these experiments the method tends to exhibit superior skill over a trend-only Bayesian model averaging weighting method in terms of weight assignment and probabilistic forecasts. Specifically, mean credible interval width, and mean absolute error of the projections tend to improve. We apply the method to a problem of projecting summer mean maximum temperature change over Korea by the end of the 21st century using a multi-model ensemble. Compared to the trend-only method, the new method appreciably sharpens the probability distribution function (pdf) and increases future most likely, median, and mean warming in Korea. The method is flexible, with a potential to improve forecasts in geosciences and other fields.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Bayes Theorem
  • Calibration
  • Climate Change*
  • Climate*
  • Computer Simulation*
  • Forecasting
  • Nonlinear Dynamics
  • Oceans and Seas
  • Probability
  • Programming Languages
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Republic of Korea
  • Seasons
  • Software
  • Stochastic Processes
  • Temperature
  • Water Movements*

Grants and funding

RO and SIA were supported by Basic Science Research Program through National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017K1A3A7A03087790, NRF-2018R1A5A1024958) (http://www.nrf.re.kr/eng/main). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.