Platelet-Rich Plasma and Micrografts Enriched with Autologous Human Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Hair Re-Growth in Androgenetic Alopecia. Biomolecular Pathway Analysis and Clinical Evaluation

Pietro Gentile; Maria G Scioli; Alessandra Bielli; Barbara De Angelis; Ciro De Sio; Domenico De Fazio; Gabriele Ceccarelli; Angelo Trivisonno; Augusto Orlandi; Valerio Cervelli; Simone Garcovich

doi:10.3390/biomedicines7020027

Platelet-Rich Plasma and Micrografts Enriched with Autologous Human Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Hair Re-Growth in Androgenetic Alopecia. Biomolecular Pathway Analysis and Clinical Evaluation

Biomedicines. 2019 Apr 8;7(2):27. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines7020027.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy. pietrogentile2004@libero.it.
² Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy. scioli@med.uniroma2.it.
³ Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy. alessandrabielli@hotmail.it.
⁴ Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy. bdeangelisdoc@gmail.com.
⁵ Private Plastic Surgeon, 00168 Rome, Italy. dr.cdesio@gmail.com.
⁶ Private Plastic Surgeon, 00168 Rome, Italy. defazioplastic@gmail.com.
⁷ Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. gabriele.ceccarelli@unipv.it.
⁸ Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. gabriele.ceccarelli@unipv.it.
⁹ Private Plastic Surgeon, 00168 Rome, Italy. dott.a.trivisonno@gmail.com.
¹⁰ Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy. orlandi@uniroma2.it.
¹¹ Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy. valeriocervelli@virgilio.it.
¹² Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy. simgarko@yahoo.it.

Abstract

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) and Micrografts containing human follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HF-MSCs) were tried as a potential treatment for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). However, little to no work has yet to be seen wherein the bio-molecular pathway of HF-MSCs or PRP treatments were analyzed. The aims of this work are to report the clinical effectiveness of HF-MSCs and platelet-rich plasma evaluating and reviewing the most updated information related to the bio-molecular pathway. Twenty-one patients were treated with HF-MSCs injections and 57 patients were treated with A-PRP. The Wnt pathway and Platelet derived-growth factors effects were analyzed. 23 weeks after the last treatment with mean hair thickness increments (29 ± 5.0%) over baseline values for the targeted area. 12 weeks after the last injection with A-PRP mean hair count and hair density (31 ± 2%) increases significantly over baseline values. The increment of Wnt signaling in Dermal Papilla Cells evidently is one of the principal factors that enhances hair growth. Signaling from mesenchymal stem cells and platelet derived growth factors positively influences hair growth through cellular proliferation to prolong the anagen phase (FGF-7), inducing cell growth (ERK activation), stimulating hair follicle development (β-catenin), and suppressing apoptotic cues (Bcl-2 release and Akt activation).

Keywords: HF-MSCs; PRP; PRP hair; hair loss; hair-regrowth; human follicle mesenchymal stem cells; micrografts; platelet rich plasma; stem cells hair.