Seven undescribed dammarane-type triterpenoids, together with ten known compounds, were isolated from the stems of Ziziphus glaziovii Warm (= Sarcomphalus glaziovii (Warm.) Hauenschild). The structures were fully assigned by means of uni- and bidimensional NMR and HR-ESI-MS experiments. Extract, fractions and also isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial (against Bacillus subtilis and Aliivibrio fischeri), cytotoxic (against PC-3 and HT-29 human cancer cell lines), anthelmintic (against Caenorhabditis elegans) and antifungal (against Septoria triciti, Botrytis cinerea and Phytopthoria infestans) activities. The methanolic crude extract exhibited substantial antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. The known triterpenes epigouanic acid and alphitolic acid were the most active compounds against B. subtilis, with IC50 of 12 and 22 μM, respectively. The isolated compounds presented up to a concentration of 10 μM none or only weak effects in the cytotoxicity assays. No anthelminthic and antifungal activities were observed.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Cytotoxic activity; Dammarane-type triterpenoids; Rhamnaceae; Ziziphus glaziovii Warm.
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