FASN activity is important for the initial stages of the induction of senescence

Cell Death Dis. 2019 Apr 8;10(4):318. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1550-0.

Abstract

Senescent cells accumulate in several tissues during ageing and contribute to several pathological processes such as ageing and cancer. Senescence induction is a complex process not well defined yet and is characterized by a series of molecular changes acquired after an initial growth arrest. We found that fatty acid synthase (FASN) levels increase during the induction of senescence in mouse hepatic stellate cells and human primary fibroblasts. Importantly, we also observed a significant increase in FASN levels during ageing in mouse liver tissues. To probe the central role of FASN in senescence induction, we used a small-molecule inhibitor of FASN activity, C75. We found that C75 treatment prevented the induction of senescence in mouse and human senescent cells. Importantly, C75 also reduced the expression of the signature SASP factors interleukin 1α (IL-1α), IL-1β and IL-6, and suppressed the secretion of small extracellular vesicles. These findings were confirmed using a shRNA targeting FASN. In addition, we find that FASN inhibition induces metabolic changes in senescent cells. Our work underscores the importance of C75 as a pharmacological inhibitor for reducing the impact of senescent cell accumulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cellular Senescence* / genetics
  • Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / genetics
  • Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Fibroblasts / enzymology
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism*
  • Hepatic Stellate Cells / enzymology
  • Hepatic Stellate Cells / metabolism*
  • Hepatic Stellate Cells / physiology
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / physiology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mitochondria / genetics
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

Substances

  • Interleukin-1beta
  • Interleukin-6
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • FASN protein, human
  • Fasn protein, mouse
  • Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I
  • mTOR protein, mouse
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases