A current hot topic in polymer science is the development of electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials with desired properties (i.e., proper impedance matching and strong attenuation capability), but it presents a considerable challenge. In this work, solvothermal, and self-assembled polymerization were employed for the controlled fabrication of a uniform polypyrrole (PPy) aerogel coated on hollow CuS hierarchical microspheres (CuS@PPy). The PPy coating thickness of the heterostructure could be tuned by varying the feeding weight ratios of CuS/pyrrole monomer. The electromagnetic wave absorption properties of the CuS@PPy composites were estimated to be in the frequency range 2⁻18 GHz. The as-prepared Sample B (fabricated by the addition of 35 mg CuS) showed a maximum reflection loss (RL) of -52.85 dB at a thickness of 2.5 mm. Moreover, an ultra-wide effective bandwidth (RL ≤ -10 dB) from 9.78 to 17.80 GHz (8.02 GHz) was achieved. Analysis of the electromagnetic properties demonstrated that the CuS@PPy had a remarkable enhancement compared to pure CuS platelet-based spheres and pure PPy, which can be attributed to the increased relatively complex permittivity and the promoted dielectric loss by the intense interfacial dielectric polarizations. We believe that the as-fabricated CuS@PPy can be a good reference for the fabrication of lightweight and optimal broadband absorbers.
Keywords: core–shell; dielectric loss; electromagnetic absorption; polypyrrole.