Investigation of Flame Retardant Flexible Polyurethane Foams Containing DOPO Immobilized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Quanxiao Dong; Keyu Chen; Xiaodong Jin; Shibing Sun; Yingliang Tian; Feng Wang; Peng Liu; Mingshu Yang

doi:10.3390/polym11010075

Investigation of Flame Retardant Flexible Polyurethane Foams Containing DOPO Immobilized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Polymers (Basel). 2019 Jan 5;11(1):75. doi: 10.3390/polym11010075.

Authors

Quanxiao Dong^{1

2}, Keyu Chen³, Xiaodong Jin⁴, Shibing Sun⁵, Yingliang Tian⁶, Feng Wang⁷, Peng Liu⁸, Mingshu Yang⁹

Affiliations

¹ College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China. quanxiao185@iccas.ac.cn.
² Railway Engineering Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences, Beijing 100081, China. quanxiao185@iccas.ac.cn.
³ College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China. summercky@126.com.
⁴ College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China. jinxiaodong@bjut.edu.cn.
⁵ College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China. sunshibing@bjut.edu.cn.
⁶ College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, China. tianyl@bjut.edu.cn.
⁷ National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. wangfeng0822@iccas.ac.cn.
⁸ National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. liupeng@iccas.ac.cn.
⁹ National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. yms@iccas.ac.cn.

Abstract

In this work, a multi-functional nanoparticle (TiO₂-KH570-DOPO) has been successfully synthesized through the attachment of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxyl silane on the surface of titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Supercritical carbon dioxide was used as the solvent in order to increase the grafting level. The chemical structure of TiO₂-KH570-DOPO was fully characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The modified TiO₂ was incorporated into flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF). The fire performance of FPUF blends was evaluated using microscale combustion calorimetry. Peak heat release rate and total heat release values were reduced from 657.0 W/g and 28.9 kJ/g for neat FPUF sample to 519.2 W/g and 26.8 kJ/g of FPUF specimen containing 10 wt % of TiO₂-KH570-DOPO. Analysis of thermal stability and the observation of char formation suggests that TiO₂-KH570-DOPO is active in the condensed phase.

Keywords: flame retardant; polyurethane; supercritical carbon dioxide; surface modification; titanium dioxide.

Abstract

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