Liver Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Katerina G Oikonomou; Eugenia Tsai; Dost Sarpel; Douglas T Dieterich

doi:10.1016/j.cld.2018.12.011

Liver Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Clin Liver Dis. 2019 May;23(2):309-329. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2018.12.011. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Authors

Katerina G Oikonomou¹, Eugenia Tsai², Dost Sarpel², Douglas T Dieterich²

Affiliations

¹ Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustav L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA. Electronic address: katerina.oikonomou@mountsinai.org.
² Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustav L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.

PMID: 30947879
DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2018.12.011

Abstract

Liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a main cause of morbidity and mortality. Liver-related morbidity and mortality can be caused by multiple etiologic factors, including opportunistic infections, direct and indirect effects of antiretrovirals, direct and indirect effects of HIV, and viral hepatitides. These factors present with varied liver pathophysiologic mechanisms that lead to abnormalities in liver enzymes and synthetic function test, followed by distinct clinical presentations. This article elucidates the direct effects on HIV in the liver and explores the diagnostic and management challenges in patients with HIV in the era of highly active antiretroviral treatment.

Keywords: ART; HIV; Hepatitis; Liver.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Anti-Retroviral Agents / adverse effects*
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / etiology
Coinfection / complications*
Fatty Liver / etiology
HIV Infections / complications*
HIV Infections / drug therapy*
Hepatitis B / complications
Hepatitis C / complications
Humans
Hypertension, Portal / etiology
Liver Diseases / diagnosis*
Liver Diseases / etiology*
Liver Diseases / virology

Substances

Anti-Retroviral Agents