Rotating polygonal depression soliton clusters on the inner surface of a liquid ring

Phys Rev E. 2019 Feb;99(2-1):023110. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.99.023110.

Abstract

We report an experimental observation of rotating depression soliton sets on the inner surface of a viscous liquid ring, carrying background waves. These occur within a rotating shallow layer of oil inside a stationary cylindrical container. The solitons are organized either in single, two, or regular polygonal (triangle and hexagon) clusters; they travel in unison at a higher speed than the background traveling waves. The spectral power density reveals a possible energy exchange between the soliton clusters and the background mixed radial-azimuthal modulations through wave radiation.