Objective: To investigated the effects of antipsychotics on rehabilitation outcomes for geriatric hip fracture inpatients.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: The registry data from the Japan Rehabilitation Nutrition Database for analysis.
Participants: Of the 234 patients in the Japan Rehabilitation Nutrition Database admitted between November 2015 and March 2018, 214 met the eligibility criteria.
Measurements: The antipsychotics were phenothiazine, butyrophenone, benzamide, and atypical antipsychotics. For hip fracture patients, the following information was registered: (a) admission data: age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at admission, medications, height, body weight, and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form score (MNA-SF) and (b) discharge data: discharge destination, FIM at discharge, MNA-SF, and total units of provided rehabilitation therapy (one unit = 20 minutes based on the national healthcare insurance policy).
Results: Thirteen patients (6.1%) were prescribed antipsychotics. According to the multiple linear regression analysis, antipsychotics negatively affected FIM efficiency (β=-0.190, 95% confidence interval, -0.652 to -0.104, p=0.007). Furthermore, on logistic regression analysis, fall during hospitalization was correlated with the use of antipsychotics (odds ratio=4.376, 95% confidence interval: 1.153 to 16.612, p=0.030).
Conclusion: The use of antipsychotics impaired the improvement of the activities of daily living (ADL) and increased the incidence of fall during hospitalization. Reviewing medication therapies at admission may further improve ADL.
Keywords: Activities of daily living, antipsychotics; fall; geriatric; hip fracture.