Ag-Based nanocomposites, including supported Ag nanocomposites and bimetallic Ag nanocomposites, have been intensively investigated as highly efficient catalysts because of their high activity and stability, easy preparation, low cost, and low toxicity. Herein, we systematically summarize and comprehensively evaluate versatile synthetic strategies for the preparation of Ag-based nanocomposites, and outline their recent advances in catalytic oxidation, catalytic reduction, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. In addition, the challenges and prospects related to Ag-based nanocomposites for various catalytic applications are also discussed. In light of the most recent advances in Ag-based nanocomposites for catalysis applications, this review provides a comprehensive assessment on the material selection, synthesis and catalytic characteristics of these catalysts, which offers a strategic guide to build a close connection between Ag nanocomposites and catalysis applications.