Nanocrystalline cellulose as a reinforcing agent for electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers

Bernardo Urbanetto Peres; Hugo Alberto Vidotti; Luana Dutra de Carvalho; Adriana Pigozzo Manso; Frank Ko; Ricardo Marins Carvalho

doi:10.1016/j.job.2018.09.002

Nanocrystalline cellulose as a reinforcing agent for electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers

J Oral Biosci. 2019 Mar;61(1):37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2018.09.002. Epub 2018 Oct 13.

Authors

Bernardo Urbanetto Peres¹, Hugo Alberto Vidotti², Luana Dutra de Carvalho³, Adriana Pigozzo Manso⁴, Frank Ko⁵, Ricardo Marins Carvalho⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Westbrook Mall, JBM 368, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 1Z3. Electronic address: buperes@mail.ubc.ca.
² Department of Prosthodontics, University of Western São Paulo, Rua José Bongiovani - Cidade Universitária, Presidente Prudente, SP 19050-920, Brazil. Electronic address: hvidotti@yahoo.com.br.
³ Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Westbrook Mall, JBM 368, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 1Z3. Electronic address: luanadc@dentistry.ubc.ca.
⁴ Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Westbrook Mall, JBM 368, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 1Z3. Electronic address: amanso@dentistry.ubc.ca.
⁵ Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2355 E Mall, BC, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 1Z4. Electronic address: frank.ko@ubc.ca.
⁶ Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 2199 Westbrook Mall, JBM 368, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 1Z3. Electronic address: rickmc@dentistry.ubc.ca.

PMID: 30929800
DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2018.09.002

Abstract

Objectives: Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) is a sustainable material with excellent mechanical properties and can potentially be used as a reinforcement agent. The objective of this work was to test the effects of NCC incorporation on the mechanical properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers.

Methods: Eleven percent in weight of PAN (molecular weight 150 kD) in a dimethylformamide (DMF) solution was electrospun at 14.6 kV. Nonfunctionalized NCC was added to the solution at 1%, 2%, or 3 wt% (NCC/PAN). Suspensions were mixed and sonicated for 2 h before spinning. Strips (5 × 0.5 cm) were cut from the spun mat, parallel and perpendicular to the rotational direction of the fiber collection drum. Tensile tests were performed, and ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS; 0.3%), elastic modulus (E), and elongation at maximum stress (EMS, %) were calculated from stress-strain plots. Data were analyzed by multiple t tests and one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05).

Results: Among all groups, samples with 3 wt % NCC loading had significantly superior mechanical properties. The fiber mats showed anisotropic behavior.

Conclusions: Regardless of concentration, the addition of NCC resulted in increased UTS, E, and YS of the nanofibers.

Keywords: Electrospinning; Mechanical property; Nanocrystalline cellulose; Nanofiber; Polyacrylonitrile.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Acrylic Resins
Cellulose
Nanofibers*
Tensile Strength

Substances

Acrylic Resins
polyacrylonitrile
Cellulose