Synthesis and biological evaluation of new bisindole-imidazopyridine hybrids as apoptosis inducers

Bioorg Chem. 2019 Jun:87:484-494. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.061. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Abstract

A series of diindolylmethanes (5a-t) were designed, synthesized, and examined for their cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines like prostate (DU-145), lung (A549), breast (MCF-7) and cervical cancer (HeLa). These results revealed that among all the hybrids, two (5k and 5r) were identified and exhibited significant cytotoxic effect against A549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 1.65 ± 0.3 and 1.80 ± 0.8 µM respectively. To investigate the reasons for the cytotoxic activity, the conventional biological assays were carried out with 5k and 5r on the A549 cancer cells. Both hybrids led to the arrest of A549 cell lines at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and strongly induced apoptosis. Further the apoptotic effects of 5k and 5r were confirmed by ROS, annexin-V FITC, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, structure-activity relationships were elucidated with various substitutions on these hybrids.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Bisindole-imidazopyridine; Cytotoxicity; Heterocyclic; ROS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Cell Cycle / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / chemistry
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology*
  • Indoles / chemistry
  • Indoles / pharmacology*
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • Molecular Structure
  • Pyridines / chemistry
  • Pyridines / pharmacology*
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / analysis
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Imidazoles
  • Indoles
  • Pyridines
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • imidazopyridine
  • indole