Laparoscopic Hepatectomy (with or without Robotic Assistance) versus Radiofrequency Ablation as a Minimally Invasive Treatment for Very Early-Stage or Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Dig Surg. 2020;37(1):65-71. doi: 10.1159/000497112. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Abstract

Background: The advantages of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) over hepatectomy as a treatment for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include reduced morbidity and more rapid recovery. Although minimally invasive surgery provides similar benefits, few studies have compared the long-term oncological outcomes of these techniques. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of minimally invasive hepatectomy (MIH) and RFA.

Methods: Patients who underwent MIH or RFA for HCC between January 2005 and January 2015 were included in a propensity score matching analysis. Only patients who underwent minimally invasive procedures for small HCC were included. Baseline clinical and laboratory parameters were retrieved from the hospital database and analyzed.

Results: Two hundred and twenty-five patients underwent MIH or RFA for HCC during the study period. Propensity score matching yielded 59 patient-pairs. The complication rates did not differ statistically between the 2 groups (p = 0.309). However, MIH provided significantly better overall (p = 0.005) and disease-free survival outcomes (p < 0.001) than RFA.

Conclusions: Compared with RFA, MIH provided better long-term survival outcomes in patients with early-stage HCC, with no increase in the incidence of complications. When feasible, MIH should be considered a first-line treatment for this patient population.

Keywords: Hepatocellular cancer; Laparoscopic surgery; Liver resection; Liver surgery; Minimally invasive surgery; Radiofrequency ablation; Robotic surgery.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / surgery*
  • Catheter Ablation / methods*
  • Female
  • Hepatectomy / methods*
  • Humans
  • Laparoscopy
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
  • Propensity Score
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Robotic Surgical Procedures