[What do we know about diabetic retinopathy at the Sourô Sanou university medical center in Bobo-Dioulasso (CHUSS)?]

Abstract

Introduction: Ocular damage is one of the numerous complications of diabetes. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy can result in blindness. The purpose of our work was to study the aspects of diabetic retinopathy on fundus examination in diabetic patients in Bobo-Dioulasso in a hospital environment.

Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study from March 1st to August 31st 2014 of diabetic patients in the Sourô Sanou university hospital. We used the Francophone Diabetes Society's classification.

Results: We included 246 patients (487 eyes). The frequency of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was 47.1%, and the frequency of diabetic maculopathy 8.9%. Proliferative DR and severe Non-Proliferative DR represented 3.3% of eyes, and blindness occurred in 3%. Among diabetics with DR, the mean age was 55.75 years (standard deviation 11.04 years); the median duration of diabetes was 36 months, and 99.1% of the diabetic patients were categorized as type 2. There was a statistically significant association between diabetic retinopathy and duration of diabetes progression, history of neuropathy, presence of proteinuria on 24hour urines, hypercreatininemia, and also between triglyceride levels and diabetic maculopathy.

Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy affects almost half of diabetic patients at the Sourô Sanou university hospital. An earlier, multidisciplinary management approach might prevent this.

Keywords: Burkina Faso; Diabetes; Diabetic retinopathy; Diabète; Fond d’œil; Fundus examination; Rétinopathie diabétique.