Application of the Willis Covered Stent in the Treatment of Ophthalmic Artery Segment Aneurysms: A Single-Center Experience

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to introduce our initial experience with the evaluation of the feasibility of using Willis covered stents (WCSs) in the treatment of complicated ophthalmic artery (OA) segment aneurysms.

Methods: Of the 162 patients with OA segment aneurysms treated by endovascular techniques in West China Hospital from January 2015 to August 2017, a total of 26 patients treated with WCSs were included in the study.

Results: Twenty-six patients with 26 aneurysms were included (mean age, 57.0 years; range, 22-76 years). The cohort had 20 patients with large or giant aneurysms, 3 patients with blood blister aneurysms, and 3 patients with pseudoaneurysms. Ten aneurysms were OA type, and 16 were internal carotid artery (ICA) type. Twenty-four patients were treated with 1 stent, and 2 patients were treated with 2 stents. Among the 26 patients, 2 patients had minimal endoleak, and 24 patients had complete occlusion after immediate postoperative angiography. One patient who had complete occlusion experienced contrast agent extravasation, and this phenomenon disappeared by balloon compression during the procedure. The 3- to 15-month angiographic follow-up showed that all patients experienced complete occlusion, including 2 patients with minimal endoleak during immediate postprocedural angiography. Two patient showed signs of in-stent stenosis. Clinical follow-up demonstrated that no delayed thromboembolic or ischemic events were recorded in the stent-grafted vascular region and no bleeding occurred in any of the patients (except 1 patient who experienced subarachnoid hemorrhage, left frontal lobe hemorrhage, and hydrocephalus 10 days after the procedure).

Conclusions: WCSs may provide an alternative solution for treating complex OA segment aneurysms by reconstruction and preservation of the ICA. Our study also confirms the safety, efficacy, and midterm durability of WCSs for complex OA segment aneurysms.

Keywords: Aneurysm; Covered stent; Endovascular; Internal carotid artery; Ophthalmic artery.